Question 1

What is the typical postoperative recovery protocol following endoscopic discectomy?

Accepted Answer

Postoperative recovery for endoscopic discectomy focuses on immediate mobilization, often allowing patients to walk within 30 minutes of surgery. Most individuals achieve same-day discharge or a 24-hour hospital stay. Full healing typically occurs within 4 to 6 weeks through a phased activity progression.

Immediate movement: Walking is required within hours post-op to improve circulation and prevent stiffness.
Hospital stay: Patients typically stay 1 day at facilities like Turan Turan Health Group.
Activity limits: Avoid bending, twisting, or lifting over 10 lbs for the first 4 weeks.
Work return: Desk work is often feasible after 7 days if pain is well-managed.

Bookimed Expert Insight: While many international clinics quote standard recovery, Turkey's top spine centers like Memorial Sisli often leverage neuronavigation to minimize tissue trauma. This technology supports high success rates, such as the 99.9% reported at Lokman Hekim University. Faster recovery is also linked to surgeon volume; specialists like Yusuf Bayram have performed over 1,000 orthopedic procedures, ensuring highly refined, minimally invasive tissue handling.

Patient Consensus: Expect lingering nerve sensations for up to 8 weeks even with strict adherence to protocols. Patients emphasize that having home assistance for the first week is vital for a smooth transition to activity.

Question 2

Is it safe to have this surgery in Turkey?

Accepted Answer

Endoscopic discectomy in Turkey is safe when performed by surgeons at Joint Commission International (JCI) accredited hospitals like Memorial Şişli or Hisar Intercontinental. These facilities maintain high standards, offering minimally invasive techniques through half-penny size incisions and specialized intensive care units for postoperative safety.

Hospital accreditation: Top clinics hold Joint Commission International (JCI) and ISO 9001 certifications.
Surgeon expertise: Leading specialists like Dr. Yunus Uysal have performed over 1,000 orthopedic surgeries.
Safety technology: Advanced centers utilize neuronavigation-assisted approaches and robotic systems for precision.
Success rates: Specialized university hospitals report success rates up to 99.9% for discectomy procedures.

Bookimed Expert Insight: Data shows that safest outcomes are tied to high-volume university hospitals rather than small clinics. For instance, Atlas University Hospital serves 565,000 patients from 160 countries annually. This high volume often correlates with lower complication rates because surgeons maintain constant proficiency in complex spinal navigation and endoscopic tools.

Patient Consensus: Patients emphasize the need for pre-operative MRI reviews to ensure candidacy. They also recommend having a companion during the first 2 weeks to assist with mobility and post-operative care.

Question 3

What are the success and complication rates?

Accepted Answer

Endoscopic discectomy in Turkey maintains a high success rate of 94% for relieving chronic back pain. Most procedures proceed without complications. Surgeons use minimally invasive techniques. This approach preserves muscle tissue and significantly reduces the risk of long-term postoperative issues or infections.

Success rate: Approximately 94% of patients experience significant relief from sciatica and pain.
Major complications: Serious adverse events occur in only 1% to 8% of cases.
Minor complications: Temporary issues like site irritation affect between 4% and 20% of patients.
Recovery time: Rapid healing allows most patients to begin light activity within 24 hours.

Bookimed Expert Insight: Turkish neurosurgeons often perform over 300 spinal procedures annually. Our data shows clinics like Memorial or Hisar Intercontinental use advanced HD imaging systems. These tools provide better visibility than standard microdiscectomy. This specialized equipment helps maintain Turkey’s high surgical success benchmarks.

Patient Consensus: Patients frequently express relief at how quickly they can walk after the procedure. Many note that the tiny incision causes much less discomfort than they originally feared.

Question 4

How does full endoscopic discectomy differ from microdiscectomy and other minimally invasive approaches?

Accepted Answer

Full endoscopic discectomy (FED) is an ultra-minimally invasive technique using a sub-centimeter incision of roughly 8mm. Unlike microdiscectomy, which requires 1–5 cm incisions and muscle stripping, FED preserves tissue by navigating through natural planes under local anesthesia. This translates to same-day discharge and significantly faster mobilization.

Incision size: Uses a sub-centimeter opening, often compared to the size of a half-penny.
Visualization type: Employs an internal high-definition camera versus an external microscope used in microdiscectomy.
Anesthesia protocol: Performed under local anesthesia with sedation, reducing risks associated with general anesthesia.
Tissue preservation: Navigates between muscles and ligaments without cutting or stripping vital spinal structures.

Bookimed Expert Insight: Turkish specialists emphasize that a surgeon's specific experience with the uniportal transforaminal technique is the strongest predictor of success. While microdiscectomy is the gold standard for complex multi-level issues, FED offers superior outcomes for localized herniations. Clinics like Lokman Hekim University report a 99.9% success rate for these targeted procedures.

Patient Consensus: Patients value the ability to walk and drive shortly after surgery, often returning to work within two weeks. Sentiment highlights reduced postoperative nausea and the small scar as major advantages over traditional methods.

Question 5

Who are the leading specialists?

Accepted Answer

Leading endoscopic discectomy specialists in Turkey include board-certified neurosurgeons and orthopedic surgeons with international training. These experts typically hold certifications from EANS or Eurospine and practice in JCI-accredited facilities like Memorial Şişli or Istanbul Florence Nightingale Hospital. Key specialists utilize neuronavigation and minimally invasive techniques through tiny incisions.

Dr. Yunus Uysal: Specialized in robotic and spinal surgery at Turan Turan Health Group in Bursa.
Prof. Dr. Ilhan Elmaci: EANS-accredited neurosurgeon at Istanbul Florence Nightingale with training from Johns Hopkins.
Prof. Dr. Salih Murat Imer: Expert in full-endoscopic spine surgery with German and Finnish certifications.
Prof. Dr. Hasan Ozgur Ozdemir: First-place winner of the Turkish Neurosurgical Society proficiency exam in 2008.

Bookimed Expert Insight: Turkish spine specialists often bridge the gap between European and American standards. Many, like Dr. Ozdogan Selcuk or Dr. Samet Erinc, have completed fellowships in the US or Germany. Our data shows clinics like Atlas University treat 565,000 patients annually. This massive volume allows surgeons to achieve highly specialized expertise in specific techniques like neuronavigation-guided discectomy.

Patient Consensus: Patients emphasize verifying that the lead surgeon personally performs the procedure rather than delegating tasks. Successful recoveries are most frequently reported by those who confirmed their surgeon had specialized training in Germany or South Korea.

Question 6

How long is the recovery time?

Accepted Answer

Patients typically walk within hours after endoscopic discectomy in Turkey, with most departing the clinic the same day or next morning. While light activity and sedentary work resume within 7 to 14 days, full nerve healing and return to manual labor generally require 3 to 6 months.

Hospital stay: Patients typically stay 1 to 2 days depending on neuronavigation use.
Work return: Sedentary employees return in 7 to 14 days; laborers require 1 to 3 months.
Physical activity: Light walking starts day 1; physical therapy usually begins within the first week.
Full recovery: Major nerve healing and restoration of full strength take 3 to 6 months.

Bookimed Expert Insight: Data from Turkey’s top centers, such as Turan Turan, shows that using a half-penny size incision significantly speeds up early mobilization. While many international clinics suggest 6 weeks for light lifting, Turkish specialists often clear patients for daily walking immediately to prevent scar tissue. This aggressive early movement protocol, supported by a 99.9% success rate at university-affiliated hospitals, is a key differentiator for recovery speed.

Patient Consensus: Most patients report walking comfortably just 4 hours after surgery and driving within 1 week. While mobility returns quickly, persistent nerve sensations are normal and typically subside fully after approximately 2 weeks of recovery.

Question 7

What is the recommended duration of stay in Turkey for international patients undergoing endoscopic discectomy?

Accepted Answer

International patients typically require a 7 to 10 day stay in Turkey for an endoscopic discectomy. This window covers pre-operative tests, the minimally invasive procedure, and 1 to 2 nights of hospital monitoring. A final follow-up around day 7 ensures the surgical site is healing before air travel.

Travel timeline: Allow 1 to 2 days for initial MRI scans and surgical consultations.
Hospital stay: Expect 1 to 2 nights of clinical observation following the endoscopic procedure.
Recovery period: Plan 5 to 7 days at a local hotel for initial healing.
Flight clearance: Surgeons usually provide official travel clearance after a day 7 wound check.

Bookimed Expert Insight: While many clinics like Estexper Clinic offer packages with 2 hotel nights, our data shows patients often benefit from a full 7-day stay. Surgeons like Dr. Yunus Uysal at Turan Turan Health Group emphasize that rushing home within 3 days can be risky if post-op inflammation causes temporary nerve pain flares.

Patient Consensus: Patients suggest arriving 2 days before surgery for tests. Most feel stable enough to fly by day 7, but recommend getting written clearance from the surgeon before booking the return flight.

Question 8

What are the post-operative restrictions?

Accepted Answer

Post-operative restrictions after endoscopic discectomy focus on protecting the spinal nerves while allowing the small half-penny size incision to heal. Patients must avoid bending, lifting, and twisting for 4–6 weeks to prevent re-herniation, even though early mobilization and walking are encouraged within 24 hours.

Physical activity: Avoid forward bending and rotational movements for 4–6 weeks post-surgery.
Lifting limits: Restrict lifting to 5–10 lbs for the first 6 weeks of recovery.
Sitting duration: Limit sitting time during the first 2–8 weeks as it increases spinal pressure.
Driving timeline: Resume driving only after 2–3 weeks and once off all narcotic medications.

Bookimed Expert Insight: While many international patients focus on surgical success, the biggest recovery hurdle in Turkey is often sitting intolerance during the flight home. Clinics like Turan Turan Health Group provide 7-day hotel stays, which is vital because sitting often feels worse than standing or walking. We recommend booking an aisle seat for your return flight to allow for frequent, short walks every 30 minutes to manage pressure on the surgical site.

Patient Consensus: Most patients report that while walking feels surprisingly easy after surgery, sitting remains difficult for several weeks. Many suggest requesting written restrictions in your native language before discharge to ensure you do not accidentally test activity boundaries too early.

Question 9

Which are the best hospitals for spine surgery in Turkey?

Accepted Answer

Top hospitals for spine surgery in Turkey include JCI-accredited facilities like Memorial Şişli Hospital and specialized centers like Turan Turan Health Group. These institutions utilize advanced robotic systems and neuronavigation to achieve 99% success rates in procedures like endoscopic discectomy and scoliosis correction.

Robotic precision: Turan Turan Health Group uses Mazor-X systems for 99.5% screw placement accuracy.
Academic expertise: Koç University Hospital features dedicated spine centers focusing on percutaneous instrumentation.
Specialized techniques: Memorial Hospitals Group performs over 4,500 musculoskeletal surgeries annually using endoscopic methods.
Proven outcomes: Lokman Hekim University Ankara Hospital reports a 99.9% success rate for discectomies.

Bookimed Expert Insight: While many choose Istanbul for its volume, Turan Turan Health Group in Bursa offers a specialized `half-penny` incision technique. Their packages often include 7-day hotel stays, which is significantly longer than the standard 1–2 nights. This extended recovery window is crucial for monitoring early mobilization after invasive spine procedures.

Patient Consensus: Patients emphasize vetting surgeons via independent research rather than marketing. Many recommend flying business class for post-operative comfort during the return trip.

Question 10

When can I travel back home?

Accepted Answer

Most patients can travel back home 3 to 7 days after an endoscopic discectomy in Turkey. While hospital discharge occurs within 1–2 days, surgeons emphasize daily mobilization and a final clinical evaluation before you board a flight to ensure the spinal site is stable.

Hospital stay: Expect 1–2 days of inpatient care for monitoring and early mobilization.
Flight duration: Patients on short-haul flights often travel by day 3 or 4 post-op.
Long-haul travel: Flights over 6 hours usually require waiting 7 to 10 days safely.
Medical clearance: Surgeons typically provide final flight authorization 24–48 hours before your departure.

Bookimed Expert Insight: While many clinics offer 7-day hotel stays, the most critical factor for travel is the specific surgical technique used. Patients undergoing neuronavigation-guided procedures at clinics like Atlas University Hospital often report faster mobilization. We recommend booking an aisle seat to allow for walking every 60 minutes during your flight home.

Patient Consensus: Patients suggest arranging airport wheelchair assistance in advance and using a lumbar pillow during the flight. Most report that walking daily before the flight significantly reduces stiffness and discomfort during international travel.

Question 11

Is endoscopic discectomy dangerous for patients travelling to Turkey?

Accepted Answer

Endoscopic discectomy in Turkey is a safe, minimally invasive procedure. Specialist neurosurgeons at JCI-accredited facilities perform these operations. Clinics use neuronavigation and high-definition imaging through tiny incisions. This approach allows for early mobilisation and typically involves 1–2 days in hospital.

Accredited facilities: Memorial Şişli Hospital was the first in Turkey with JCI accreditation.
Specialist expertise: Surgeons like Dr. Salih Murat Imer hold German endoscopic spine certifications.
Specialised technology: Centres use neuronavigation and robotic systems for higher surgical precision.
High volume: Atlas University Hospital serves 565,000+ patients annually from 160 countries.
Recovery focus: Full endoscopic techniques help patients start moving sooner after surgery.

Bookimed Expert Insight: Lower costs are attractive, but safety depends on the surgeon's training. Look for specialists like Dr. Ozdogan Selcuk who hold European neurosurgical fellowships. Many of these doctors have certifications from Germany or the US. This provides a safety standard comparable to private Australian care.

Patient Consensus: Patients in Turkey find physical recovery fast. They suggest planning your Australian follow-up care before you depart. Research and direct contact with the surgeon help with the transition to home recovery.

Question 12

Who are the recognised specialists for endoscopic discectomy in Turkey?

Accepted Answer

Recognised specialists for endoscopic discectomy in Turkey include Prof. Dr. Salih Murat Imer at Istanbul Florence Nightingale Hospital. Another key specialist is Assoc. Prof. Ozdogan Selcuk at Estexper Clinic. These experts hold certifications in full-endoscopic spine surgery from European centres and lead departments at JCI-accredited facilities.

Prof. Dr. Salih Murat Imer: Certified in full-endoscopic spine surgery in Germany with published neurosurgery research.
Assoc. Prof. Ozdogan Selcuk: Completed specialised endoscopic lumbar discectomy courses and holds European neurosurgical memberships.
Dr. Yunus Uysal: Focuses on minimally invasive techniques using incisions as small as a half-penny.
Prof. Dr. Ilhan Elmaci: Trained in endoscopic skull base and micro-neurosurgery at Zurich and Pittsburgh.
Prof. Dr. Hasan Ozgur Ozdemir: Award-winning surgeon specialising in endoscopic lumbar and cervical disc surgery.

Bookimed Expert Insight: Look for specialists like Dr. Salih Murat Imer who hold specific "Full-Endoscopic" certifications. Data shows clinics like Turan Turan Health perform 18,000+ procedures annually. This high-volume environment often correlates with lower complication rates for endoscopic approaches.

Patient Consensus: Patients suggest checking a surgeon's specific case volume for endoscopic techniques before booking. Most appreciate that standard packages include MRI scans and 24-hour nursing care for peace of mind.

Question 13

Am I a suitable candidate for endoscopic discectomy in Turkey?

Accepted Answer

Suitability for endoscopic discectomy in Turkey depends on having a confirmed single-level herniated disc. This must correlate with symptoms like sciatica or leg pain. Candidates generally have tried physical therapy for 4–6 weeks without success. Specialists at JCI-accredited centres in Istanbul and Bursa use MRI and neurological exams to confirm eligibility.

Technique criteria: Best for those with single-level lumbar herniation matching MRI findings.
Clinical indicators: Includes chronic leg pain, numbness, or weakness from nerve compression.
Conservative failure: Patients who saw no improvement from physical therapy or injections.
Technique variety: Clinics offer neuronavigation-assisted and full-endoscopic approaches for precision.

Bookimed Expert Insight: Turkish neurosurgeons often have vast experience. Dr Yusuf Bayram at Hisar Hospital has performed over 1,000 surgeries. This high volume is critical because endoscopic techniques are highly surgeon-dependent. Always ask how many endoscopic procedures they perform monthly. Clinics like Turan Turan even use nutritionist-led post-operative care.

Patient Consensus: Successful patients find that symptoms and MRI results must align perfectly. You should confirm how your Turkish surgeon will coordinate follow-up care with your GP in Australia.

Question 14

What are the benefits of choosing Turkey for endoscopic discectomy?

Accepted Answer

Choosing Turkey for endoscopic discectomy provides access to high-volume spine centres and board-certified neurosurgeons. Patients benefit from techniques such as neuronavigation and full endoscopic approaches. Procedures typically cost between _op_1342_price_from_ and _op_1342_price_to_. This offers savings of up to _price_percent_discount_% compared to Australian private healthcare rates.

Specialist expertise: Surgeons like Prof. Dr. Salih Murat Imer have 30+ years of neurosurgical experience.
Technology: Clinics use neuronavigation and full endoscopic systems for precise, 8mm small-incision surgery.
Rapid recovery: The minimally invasive approach allows for early mobilisation and 1–2 day hospital stays.
JCI accreditation: Facilities like Memorial Şişli Hospital maintain international safety standards and serve global patients.
All-inclusive logistics: Packages often bundle VIP transfers, MRI scans, and hotel stays to simplify travel.

Bookimed Expert Insight: Many centres perform general spine surgery, but Turkey has specific hubs for endoscopic work. Data shows Atlas University Hospital alone serves 565,000+ patients annually. This volume allows clinics to offer specialised technology at a lower price than Australian surgery.

Patient Consensus: Patients value the rapid transition from consultation to surgery. This bypasses long Australian waitlists. Many find that inclusive logistical support and dedicated nursing care reduce the stress of travel.

Question 15

How does endoscopic discectomy compare to traditional back surgery?

Accepted Answer

Endoscopic discectomy is a minimally invasive alternative to traditional open surgery. It requires only a 7–8mm incision. The technique preserves muscle and ligaments by passing instruments between fibres rather than cutting tissue. It reduces postoperative pain and allows for faster movement than traditional approaches.

Incision size: It uses a tiny incision about the size of a pea to access the spine.
Tissue preservation: This method minimises muscle disruption. Traditional surgery requires stripping muscles from the bone.
Hospital stay: Patients typically stay 1–2 days, compared to longer stays for traditional open surgery.
Clinical outcomes: It offers faster early pain relief and carries lower infection rates than open methods.
Technology: Specialist centres use neuronavigation and endoscopes for precise targeting of the disc herniation.

Bookimed Expert Insight: Many surgeons perform spine surgery, but the endoscopic approach is highly operator-dependent. Prof. Dr. Salih Murat Imer at Istanbul Florence Nightingale Hospital holds specific certifications. Assoc. Prof. Ozdogan Selcuk at Estexper Clinic also holds German and European certifications in full-endoscopic techniques. Choosing a surgeon with these dedicated credentials helps patients achieve faster movement and reduced scarring.

Patient Consensus: Patients in Turkey report that smaller incisions lead to much less discomfort. They are often able to walk soon after waking. They highlight the importance of checking how many endoscopic procedures a surgeon has performed before booking.

Question 16

What is the typical recovery timeline for an endoscopic discectomy performed in Turkey?

Accepted Answer

Patients typically walk soon after surgery and return to desk work within 1 to 3 weeks. This procedure uses a small incision, allowing for a 1 to 2 day hospital stay. Full recovery usually takes 4 to 6 weeks.

Hospitalisation: Most clinics discharge patients after just 1 day of inpatient care.
Initial mobility: Walking starts almost immediately to prevent complications and aid healing.
Work timeline: Desk-based employees usually return to duties within 14 to 28 days.
Physical activity: High-impact sports and heavy lifting must be avoided for 6+ weeks.
Activity restrictions: Patients must avoid bending, lifting, or twisting early on.

Bookimed Expert Insight: Turkish clinics often include a 7-day hotel stay in their recovery packages. This extra week is vital for Australian patients before a long-haul flight home. Dr Yunus Uysal at Turan Turan Health Group provides these stays for patient stability.

Patient Consensus: Many patients find nerve pain eases instantly, though numbness can take months to resolve. Walking and gentle physiotherapy in Turkey help prevent setbacks during the first month.

diagnostici
Consulto con un ortopedico	$220
Risonanza magnetica di un'area	$750 - $2,600
trattamento
Discectomia endoscopica	$16,000

diagnostici
Consultazione con un chirurgo maxillo-facciale	$160
Consulto con un ortopedico	$200

diagnostici
Risonanza magnetica cerebrale	$700
Consulto con un neurologo	$180

diagnostici
Risonanza magnetica di un'area	$90 - $600
Ecografia	$56 - $270
trattamento
Discectomia endoscopica	$4,004.63 - $5,148.81

diagnostici
Radiografia del torace	$50 - $80
Risonanza magnetica dell'articolazione	$420
trattamento
Discectomia endoscopica	$5,000 - $6,000

TOP 10+ cliniche di Discectomia endoscopica in Turchia: prezzi, TOP medici e opinioni

Scopri le migliori cliniche di Discectomia endoscopica in Turchia

Memorial Şişli Hospital

Memorial Bahçelievler Hospital

Memorial Ataşehir Hospital

Zafer Orkun Toktas

Atlas University Hospital

Yusuf Pirincci

Hisar Hospital Intercontinental

Yusuf Bayram

Lokman Hekim University Ankara Hospital

Memorial Antalya Hospital

Quartz Hospital

Come scegliere la clinica giusta per Discectomia endoscopica: 6 consigli degli esperti

Top 14 cliniche per Discectomia endoscopica in Turchia 2026 — Insights di Bookimed

diagnostici
TC (tomografia computerizzata)	$550 - $880
Risonanza magnetica cerebrale	$440 - $660

diagnostici
Ecografia	$150 - $250
Risonanza magnetica del midollo spinale	$770

Classifica	Nome della clinica	Valutazione dei pazienti	Paese	Medico principale	esperienza	Tecniche	Migliore per	Perché è in classifica	Accreditamenti
#1	Memorial Şişli Hospital	4.6 / 5 (418 recensioni)	Istanbul, Turchia	—	—	Discectomia endoscopica, Consulto con un ortopedico	—	—	International Organization for Standardization, Joint Commission International
#2	Turan Turan Health Group	5.0 / 5 (5 recensioni)	Bursa, Turchia	Yunus Uysal	13+ anni	Discectomia endoscopica, Consultazione con creazione di piano di trattamento	—	—	—
#3	Memorial Bahçelievler Hospital	4.6 / 5 (156 recensioni)	Istanbul, Turchia	—	—	Consultazione con un chirurgo maxillo-facciale, Consulto con un ortopedico	—	—	International Organization for Standardization, Joint Commission International
#4	Memorial Ataşehir Hospital	4.5 / 5 (55 recensioni)	Istanbul, Turchia	Zafer Orkun Toktas	17+ anni	Discectomia endoscopica	Chirurgia spinale mini-invasiva	Ospedale accreditato JCI con neurochirurghi esperti. Offriamo discectomia endoscopica come opzione meno invasiva per l'ernia del disco.	Joint Commission International
#5	Atlas University Hospital	5.0 / 5 (3 recensioni)	Istanbul, Turchia	Yusuf Pirincci	30+ anni	Discectomia endoscopica, Risonanza magnetica di un'area	—	—	Turkish Medical Association, International Health Tourism Authorization Certificate
#6	Hisar Hospital Intercontinental	4.6 / 5 (239 recensioni)	Istanbul, Turchia	Yusuf Bayram	14+ anni	Discectomia endoscopica, foraminotomia, decompressione del canale spinale	Chirurgia spinale minimamente invasiva	Clinica accreditata JCI con chirurghi ortopedici specializzati nella colonna vertebrale. I medici hanno eseguito oltre 1.000 interventi chirurgici ortopedici, inclusi procedimenti endoscopici. Offre servizi VIP di trasferimento e interpretariato.	Joint Commission International , Turkish Medical Association (Türk Tabıplerı Bırliği)
#7	Lokman Hekim Istanbul Hospital	4.8 / 5 (235 recensioni)	Istanbul, Turchia	—	—	Discectomia endoscopica, microdiscectomia lombare	Chirurgia spinale minimamente invasiva	Specializzato in neurochirurgia e chirurgia spinale con un tasso di raccomandazione del 93% da parte dei pazienti. Offre un pacchetto completo che include ospedalizzazione, trasferimenti e cure postoperatorie.	Certification according to DIN EN ISO 9001 by TÜV NORD CERT, Joint Commission International
#8	Lokman Hekim University Ankara Hospital	4.9 / 5 (8 recensioni)	Ankara, Turchia	—	—	Consulto con un neurochirurgo, TC (tomografia computerizzata)	—	—	International Health Tourism Authorization Certificate, International Organization for Standardization
#9	Memorial Antalya Hospital	4.6 / 5 (145 recensioni)	Adalia, Turchia	—	—	Ecografia, Risonanza magnetica del midollo spinale	—	—	Joint Commission International
#10	Quartz Hospital	4.7 / 5 (145 recensioni)	Istanbul, Turchia	—	—	Esami di laboratorio	—	—	Given to the doctor International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ISAPS) Сertificate